I-Electrodialysis (ED) inqubo esebenzisa i-membrane engangeni kanye nensimu kagesi yamandla aqondile ukuthutha ngokukhetha izinhlayiya ezixubile ezishajiwe (njenge-ions) kusuka kusisombululo. Le nqubo yokuhlukanisa igxila, inciphise, icwenge, futhi ihlanze izixazululo ngokuqondisa i-solutes ezishajiwe kude namanzi nezinye izingxenye ezingashajiwe. I-Electrodialysis iphenduke yaba ukusebenza kweyunithi yamakhemikhali enkulu futhi idlala indima ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bokuhlukanisa i-membrane. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezifana nokususa usawoti wamakhemikhali, ukususa usawoti emanzini olwandle, ukudla kanye nemithi, kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi angcolile. Kwezinye izifunda, isibe yindlela eyinhloko yokukhiqiza amanzi okuphuza. Inikeza izinzuzo ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, izinzuzo ezinkulu zomnotho, ukwelashwa okulula kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, imishini eqinile, ukwakheka kwesistimu eguquguqukayo, ukusebenza nokugcinwa okulula, inqubo ehlanzekile, ukusetshenziswa kwamakhemikhali aphansi, ukungcola okuncane kwemvelo, isikhathi eside sedivayisi, kanye namazinga aphezulu okubuyisa amanzi (ngokuvamile asukela ku-65% kuya ku-80%).
Amasu avamile okuhlaziya nge-electrodialysis afaka phakathi i-electrodeionization (EDI), i-electrodialysis reversal (EDR), i-electrodialysis ene-liquid membranes (EDLM), i-high-temperature electrodialysis, i-roll-type electrodialysis, i-bipolar membrane electrodialysis, kanye nokunye.
I-Electrodialysis ingasetshenziswa ekwelapheni izinhlobo ezahlukene zamanzi angcolile, okuhlanganisa amanzi angcolile asebenzisa i-electroplating kanye namanzi angcolile angcoliswe yinsimbi esindayo. Ingasetshenziswa ukukhipha ama-ion ensimbi nezinye izinto emanzini angcolile, okuvumela ukubuyiselwa nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwamanzi nezinsiza ezibalulekile ngenkathi kunciphisa ukungcola kanye nokukhishwa kwegesi. Izifundo zikhombisile ukuthi i-electrodialysis ingabuyisa ithusi, i-zinc, futhi ifake i-oxidize i-Cr3+ ku-Cr6+ ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwezixazululo zokudlula enkambisweni yokukhiqiza ithusi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-electrodialysis ihlanganiswe nokushintshaniswa kwama-ion ukuze kubuyiselwe izinsimbi ezisindayo nama-acid emanzini angcolile asebenzisa i-acid pickling ezimbonini. Amadivayisi e-electrodialysis aklanywe ngokukhethekile, asebenzisa ama-resin e-anion kanye ne-cation exchange njengezigcwalisi, asetshenziswe ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile ensimbi esindayo, afinyelela ekusetshenzisweni kabusha okuvaliwe kanye nokukhipha okungenalutho. I-Electrodialysis ingasetshenziswa futhi ekwelapheni amanzi angcolile e-alkaline kanye namanzi angcolile e-organic.
Ucwaningo olwenziwe e-State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Reuse Reuse eShayina luhlolisise ukwelashwa kwamanzi amdaka okugeza nge-alkali aqukethe igesi yomsila we-epoxy propane chlorination kusetshenziswa i-electrolysis ye-ion exchange membrane. Lapho i-voltage ye-electrolysis ingu-5.0V futhi isikhathi sokujikeleza singamahora ama-3, izinga lokususwa kwe-COD lamanzi amdaka lafinyelela ku-78%, kanti izinga lokubuyiselwa kwe-alkali laliphezulu njengo-73.55%, okusebenza njengokwelashwa okuphumelelayo kwamayunithi alandelayo e-biochemical. Ubuchwepheshe be-Electrodialysis busetshenziswe futhi ekwelapheni amanzi amdaka e-organic acid ayinkimbinkimbi, anamazinga asukela ku-3% kuya ku-15%, yiShandong Luhua Petrochemical Company. Le ndlela ayibangeli izinsalela noma ukungcola kwesibili, kanti ikhambi elihlanganisiwe elitholiwe liqukethe i-20% kuya ku-40% acid, engaphinde isetshenziswe futhi iphathwe, kunciphisa okuqukethwe kwe-acid emanzini amdaka kuya ku-0.05% kuya ku-0.3%. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Sinopec Sichuan Petrochemical Company isebenzise idivayisi ekhethekile ye-electrodialysis ukwelapha amanzi angcolile ancibilikayo, yafinyelela umthamo omkhulu wokwelapha ongu-36 t/h, kanti okuqukethwe kwe-ammonium nitrate emanzini agxilile kufinyelela ngaphezu kuka-20%, futhi kwafinyelela izinga lokululama elingaphezu kuka-96%. Amanzi ahlanzekile aphathwe ayenengxenye yesisindo se-ammonium nitrogen engu-≤40mg/L, ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Septhemba-07-2023
