Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, isidingo samadivayisi kagesi siyaqhubeka nokukhula. Ekuhlangabezaneni nalezi zidingo, izinsiza zikagesi ze-DC ezishintshashintshayo kakhulu sezibe ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile. Kusukela emishinini yokuxhumana kuya kumadivayisi ezokwelapha, kusukela ekulawuleni kwezimboni kuya kuma-elekthronikhi omuntu siqu,izinsiza zamandla ze-DC ezishintsha imvamisa ephezuluziye zangena kuzo zonke izici zokuphila kwethu. Ngakho-ke, iyini ngempela i-DC power supply eshintsha imvamisa ephezulu, futhi isebenza kanjani?
Okokuqala, ake siqonde izimiso zayo eziyisisekelo. Ukunikezwa kwamandla e-DC okushintsha imvamisa ephezulu kuyisistimu yamandla engaguqula amandla ashintshashintshayo kagesi (AC) abe yi-voltage eqondile yamanje (DC) ezinzile. Uma kuqhathaniswa nabalawuli bendabuko abaqondile,izimpahla zamandla ze-DC ezishintsha imvamisa ephezuluinikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye nosayizi omncane, okwenza zisetshenziswe kabanzi kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene kagesi.
Ukusebenza kweizimpahla zamandla ze-DC ezishintsha imvamisa ephezulungokuyinhloko isekelwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezibalulekile: isilawuli sokushintsha kanye nesekethe yokulawula. Isilawuli sokushintsha silawula i-voltage yokukhipha yokunikezwa kwamandla sisebenzisa amadivayisi okushintsha amaza aphezulu (njenge-MOSFET), kuyilapho isekethe yokulawula iqapha i-voltage yokukhipha futhi ilungisa isilawuli sokushintsha ukuze silondoloze i-voltage yokukhipha eqinile.
Kule nqubo, amandla e-AC okufakwayo aqala ukulungiswa abe amandla e-DC nge-rectifier, bese elawulwa yi-switching regulator, bese eqiniswa ngesekethe yokulawula. Le nqubo yokuguqula amandla esebenza kahle ivumelaizimpahla zamandla ze-DC ezishintsha imvamisa ephezuluhhayi nje kuphela ukunikeza amandla aqinile kodwa futhi nokufinyelela ukuguqulwa kwamandla okusebenza kahle kakhulu ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukene zomthwalo.
Izicelo zeizimpahla zamandla ze-DC ezishintsha imvamisa ephezuluzihlukahlukene kakhulu. Emkhakheni wemishini yokuxhumana, zinganikeza amandla azinzile nathembekile ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwamadivayisi okuxhumana. Emishinini yamakhompyutha, zinganikeza ukwesekwa kwamandla okuzinzile ezingxenyeni ezifana nama-CPU namakhadi ehluzo. Emkhakheni wemishini yezokwelapha, zinganikeza amandla anele okukhipha imishini yezokwelapha ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha.
Ngokufigqiwe,izimpahla zamandla ze-DC ezishintsha imvamisa ephezuluubuchwepheshe bokuguqula amandla obusebenza kahle, obuzinzile, nobuthembekile obube yingxenye ebalulekile yamadivayisi kagesi esimanje. Ngentuthuko eqhubekayo yezobuchwepheshe, kukholelwa ukuthi izinsiza zikagesi ze-DC ezishintshashintshayo ezivame kakhulu zizodlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu esikhathini esizayo, zilethe ukulula kanye namathuba engeziwe ezimpilweni zethu.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-21-2024
