1.Iyini i-PCB Electroplating?
I-PCB electroplating isho inqubo yokufaka ungqimba lwensimbi phezu kwe-PCB ukuze kufinyelelwe ukuxhumana kukagesi, ukudluliswa kwesignali, ukunqanyulwa kokushisa, neminye imisebenzi. I-electroplating ye-DC evamile ihlushwa izinkinga ezifana nokungafani kahle kwe-coating, ukujula okwanele kwe-plating, kanye nemiphumela enqenqemeni, okwenza kube nzima ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokukhiqiza zama-PCB athuthukile njengamabhodi we-High-Density Interconnect (HDI) kanye ne-Flexible Printed Circuits (FPC). Izinsiza zamandla ezishintshashintshayo ezihamba phambili ziguqula amandla amakhulu e-AC abe yi-AC yefrikhwensi ephezulu, ebese ilungiswa bese ihlungwa ukuze ikhiqize i-DC ezinzile noma i-pulsed current. Amafrikhwensi azo okusebenza angafinyelela amashumi noma amakhulu ama-kilohertz, edlula kude imvamisa yamandla (50/60Hz) yamandla kagesi e-DC. Lesi sici se-high-frequency siletha izinzuzo ezimbalwa ku-PCB electroplating.
2.Izinzuzo Zokuhlinzeka Amandla Okushintsha Imvamisa Ephakeme ku-PCB Electroplating
I-Coating Uniformity Ethuthukisiwe: "Umphumela wesikhumba" wama-high-frequency currents ubangela ukuthi i-current igxile ebusweni bomqhubi, ithuthukise ngokuphumelelayo ukufana kwe-coating kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela yonqenqema. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ekubetheleni izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengemigqa emihle kanye nezimbobo ezincane.
Amandla Okucwenga Okujulile Athuthukisiwe: Amaza omoya aphezulu angangena kangcono ezindongeni zembobo, akhulise ukujiya nokufana kokucwenga ngaphakathi kwezimbobo, okuhlangabezana nezidingo zokucwenga ze-aspect ratio vias.
I-Electroplating Efficiency Eyengeziwe: Izici zokuphendula ezisheshayo zokunikezwa kwamandla okushintsha imvamisa ephezulu zinika amandla ukulawula kwamanje okunembe kakhudlwana, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokucwenga kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwezamandla Okuncishisiwe: Ukunikezwa kwamandla okushintsha imvamisa ephezulu kunokuguqulwa okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, okuhambisana nokuthambekela kokukhiqizwa okuluhlaza.
I-Pulse Plating Amandla: Amandla okushintsha imvamisa ephezulu angakwazi ukukhipha amandla amanje, anike amandla i-pulse electroplating. I-Pulse plating ithuthukisa ikhwalithi yokunamathela, ikhuphule ukuminyana kwe-coating, inciphisa i-porosity, futhi inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo.
3.Izibonelo Zezinhlelo Zokusebenza Zokuhlinzeka Amandla Okushintsha Imvamisa Ephakeme ku-PCB Electroplating
A. I-Copper Plating: I-Copper electroplating isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwe-PCB ukuze kwakheke ungqimba olubambayo lwesekethe. Izilungisi zokushintsha imvamisa ephezulu zihlinzeka ngokuminyana okunembile kwamanje, ziqinisekisa ukubekwa kongqimba lwethusi okufanayo kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokusebenza kongqimba olupuletiwe.
B. Ukwelapha Okungaphezulu: Ukwelapha okungaphezulu kwama-PCB, okufana negolide noma i-silver plating, nakho kudinga amandla e-DC azinzile. Ama-rectifiers ashintshashintshayo ama-high-frequency switching angahlinzeka okwamanje kanye ne-voltage efanele ezinsimbini ezicwebezelayo ezihlukene, ziqinisekise ukushelela nokumelana nokugqwala kwentonga.
C. I-Chemical Plating: i-chemical Plating yenziwa ngaphandle kwamanje, kodwa inqubo inezidingo eziqinile zokushisa nokuqina kwamanje. Izilungisi zokushintshwa kwemvamisa ephezulu zinganikeza amandla asizayo ale nqubo, zisize ukulawula amazinga okuplating.
4.Indlela yokunquma imininingwane ye-PCB Electroplating Power Supply
Ukucaciswa kwamandla kagesi e-DC adingekayo ku-PCB electroplating kuncike ezintweni ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwenqubo ye-electroplating, usayizi we-PCB, indawo yokucwenga, izidingo zamanje zokuminyana, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Ngezansi amanye amapharamitha angukhiye kanye nokucaciswa okujwayelekile kokunikezwa kwamandla:
A. Imininingwane Yamanje
●Ukuminyana Kwamanje: Ukuminyana kwamanje kwe-PCB electroplating ngokuvamile isukela ku-1-10 A/dm² (ampere ngedecimitha yesikwele), kuye ngenqubo ye-electroplating (isb., i-copper plating, i-golide plating, i-nickel plating) kanye nezidingo zokumboza.
● Ingqikithi Yesidingo Samanje: Ingqikithi yemfuneko yamanje ibalwa ngokusekelwe endaweni ye-PCB nokuminyana kwamanje. Ngokwesibonelo:
⬛Uma indawo yokunamathisela ye-PCB ingu-10 dm² futhi ukuminyana kwamanje kungu-2 A/dm², ingqikithi yemfuneko yamanje ingaba ngu-20 A.
⬛Kuma-PCB amakhulu noma ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi, ama-ampere angamakhulu ambalwa noma okuphumayo kwamanje okuphezulu kakhulu kungadingeka.
Izinhla Ezivamile Zamanje:
●Ama-PCB amancane noma ukusetshenziswa kwaselabhorethri: 10-50 A
●Ukukhiqizwa kwe-PCB enosayizi omaphakathi: 50-200 A
●Ama-PCB amakhulu noma ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi: 200-1000 A noma ngaphezulu
B.Imininingwane ye-Voltage
⬛PCB electroplating ngokuvamile idinga ama-voltage aphansi, ngokuvamile ebangeni lika-5-24 V.
⬛Izidingo zamandla kagesi zincike ezintweni ezifana nokumelana nokugeza okucwebezelayo, ibanga eliphakathi kwama-electrode, kanye nokuhamba kwe-electrolyte.
⬛Ngezinqubo ezikhethekile (isb., i-pulse plating), ububanzi bamandla kagesi aphezulu (njengama-30-50 V) angase adingeke.
Amabanga Ajwayelekile Amandla kagesi:
●I-electroplating ye-DC ejwayelekile: 6-12 V
●I-Pulse Plating noma izinqubo ezikhethekile: 12-24 V noma ngaphezulu
Izinhlobo Zokuphakelwa Amandla
● I-DC Power Supply: Isetshenziselwa i-DC electroplating yendabuko, ihlinzeka ngokuzinzile kwamanje kanye ne-voltage.
● I-Pulse Power Supply: Isetshenziselwa i-pulse electroplating, ekwazi ukukhipha ama-high-frequency pulsed currents ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yokucwenga.
● I-High-Frequency Switching Power Supply: Ukusebenza okuphezulu nokuphendula okusheshayo, kulungele izidingo ze-electroplating ezinembayo.
C.Power Supply Power
Amandla okunikezwa kwamandla (P) anqunywa amandla amanje (I) kanye ne-voltage (V), ngefomula: P = I × V.
Isibonelo, ukunikezwa kwamandla okukhipha u-100 A ku-12 V kuzoba namandla angu-1200 W (1.2 kW).
Ibanga lamandla ajwayelekile:
●Imishini emincane: 500 W - 2 kW
● Imishini yosayizi omaphakathi: 2 kW - 10 kW
● Imishini emikhulu: 10 kW - 50 kW noma ngaphezulu
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-13-2025
