Ama-rectifier ethusi ayizingxenye ezibalulekile ezinqubweni ezahlukene zezimboni, ikakhulukazi embonini yokugaya ngogesi kanye nokuhlanza ngensimbi. Lawa ma-rectifier adlala indima ebalulekile ekuguquleni i-alternating current (AC) ibe yi-direct current (DC) yokucwengisisa ithusi nge-electrolytic. Ukuqonda isimiso sokusebenza sama-rectifier ethusi nge-electrolytic kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukubaluleka kwawo ekusetshenzisweni kwezimboni.
Umgomo wokusebenza we-electrolytic copper rectifier uhilela ukuguqulwa kwe-AC ibe yi-DC ngenqubo ye-electrolysis. I-Electrolysis inqubo yamakhemikhali esebenzisa ugesi kagesi ukuqhuba ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okungahleliwe. Endabeni yokucwengisisa ithusi, i-rectifier yenza kube lula ukufakwa kwethusi elihlanzekile ku-cathode ngokudlulisa ugesi we-DC olawulwayo ngesisombululo se-copper sulfate.
Izingxenye eziyisisekelo ze-electrolytic copper rectifier zifaka i-transformer, iyunithi yokulungisa, kanye nohlelo lokulawula. I-transformer inesibopho sokwehlisa ukuphakelwa kwe-AC enamandla aphezulu iye ku-voltage ephansi efanele inqubo ye-electrolytic. Iyunithi yokulungisa, evame ukuba nama-diode noma ama-thyristors, iguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC ngokuvumela ukugeleza kwamanje ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Uhlelo lokulawula lulawula i-voltage yokuphuma kanye nogesi ukuqinisekisa izimo eziqondile nezizinzile zenqubo yokuhlanza i-electrolytic.
Inqubo yokuhluzwa kwethusi nge-electrolytic iqala ngokulungiswa kwe-electrolyte, okuyisisombululo se-copper sulfate kanye ne-sulfuric acid. I-anode, evame ukwenziwa ngethusi elingcolile, kanye ne-cathode, eyenziwe ngethusi elimsulwa, ifakwa ku-electrolyte. Lapho i-rectifier isebenza, iguqula ukuphakelwa kwe-AC kube yi-DC, bese ugesi ugeleza usuka ku-anode uye ku-cathode nge-electrolyte.
Ku-anode, ithusi elingcolile liyancishiswa, likhiphe ama-ion ethusi ku-electrolyte. Lawa ma-ion ethusi abese ehamba ngesisombululo bese efakwa ku-cathode njengethusi elihlanzekile. Lokhu kugeleza okuqhubekayo kwamandla kagesi kanye nokufakwa kwama-ion ethusi okukhethiwe ku-cathode kuphumela ekuhlanzweni kwethusi, okwenza lifanelekele ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni ezahlukene.
Isimiso sokusebenza se-electrolytic copper rectifier sisekelwe emithethweni eyisisekelo ye-electrolysis, ikakhulukazi imithetho kaFaraday. Le mithetho ilawula izici zobuningi be-electrolysis futhi inikeza isisekelo sokuqonda ubudlelwano phakathi kwenani lezinto ezifakiwe kanye nenani likagesi elidlula ku-electrolyte.
Umthetho wokuqala kaFaraday uthi inani loshintsho lwamakhemikhali olukhiqizwa ugesi kagesi luhambisana nenani likagesi oludlula ku-electrolyte. Emongweni wokuhluzwa kwethusi nge-electrolytic, lo mthetho unquma inani lethusi elihlanzekile elibekwe ku-cathode ngokusekelwe kugesi odlula ku-rectifier kanye nobude benqubo ye-electrolysis.
Umthetho wesibili kaFaraday uhlobanisa inani lezinto ezifakwa ngesikhathi se-electrolysis nesisindo esilinganayo sezinto kanye nenani likagesi elidlula ku-electrolyte. Lo mthetho ubalulekile ekunqumeni ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokucwenga ithusi nge-electrolytic nokuqinisekisa ukukhiqizwa okuqhubekayo kwethusi elisezingeni eliphezulu.
Ngaphezu kwemithetho kaFaraday, isimiso sokusebenza sama-electrolytic copper rectifiers sihilela nokucatshangelwa kokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi, ukulawulwa kwamandla kagesi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokucwenga. Uhlelo lokulawula lwe-rectifier ludlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni amazinga kagesi nawamandla kagesi afunekayo, abalulekile ekufinyeleleni ikhwalithi nobumsulwa obufunwayo be-copper ecwengisiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokucwenga ithusi nge-electrolytic kuthonywa yizici ezifana nokushisa, ukushukuma kwe-electrolyte, kanye nokwakheka kweseli le-electrochemical. Lezi zici zingathinta izinga lokufakwa kwethusi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-rectifier, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko zokusebenza kokucwenga.
Ekuphetheni, isimiso sokusebenza sama-electrolytic copper rectifiers sisekelwe ezimisweni ze-electrolysis kanye nobunjiniyela kagesi. Ngokuguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC nokulawula i-voltage kanye nomsinga wenqubo yokucwenga i-electrolytic, la ma-rectifiers avumela ukukhiqizwa kwethusi elihlanzekile nelisezingeni eliphezulu lezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene zezimboni. Ukuqonda ubunzima bama-electrolytic copper rectifiers kubalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yokucwenga ithusi endaweni yezimboni yanamuhla.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-19-2024
